229 Social Evolution
Social evolution is a subdiscipline of evolutionary biology that is concerned with social behaviours, i.e. those that have fitness consequences for individuals other than the actor. Social behaviours can be categorized according to the fitness consequences they entail for the actor and recipient.
* Mutually beneficial – a behaviour that increases the direct fitness of both the actor and the recipient
* Selfish – a behaviour that increases the direct fitness of the actor, but the recipient suffers a loss
* Altruistic – a behaviour that increases the direct fitness of the recipient, but the actor suffers a loss
* Spiteful – a behaviour that decreases the direct fitness of both the actor and the recipient
Creating a social system is best relying on mutually beneficial factor, but it’s hardly work in any society in micro factor, only in some specific areas maybe. I never agree on Social Darwinism, a study of Herbert Spencer, which suggesting on the weak members of society can lead to the degeneration of a domestic race of the society. That theory is a selfish act, used by Hitler for holocaust propaganda. But I believe society evolve from time to time, it wants to reach the mutual benefactor, as long as humanists never prevail.
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